Glass is essential in our daily life. There will be no glass - there will be no light bulbs, and you will not be able to see the bright night view of the city, there will be no glass - there will be no glasses, magnifying glasses, microscopes, telescopes, etc.

Glass production is very difficult. The main raw materials for glass production are quartz sand, silica, soda ash, sodium carbonate, limestone and calcium carbonate. Silicon raw material is the main raw material in glass production, which has a great influence on the quality of glass,

Natural quartz sand and recycled quartz sand are siliceous raw materials available in nature. Natural quartz sand is also called quartz sand. It is mainly composed of quartz particles. It is made from quartzite, feldspar or other rocks with a high content of silicon. After long wind and rain, and sunlight, oxygen, carbon dioxide, organic acids, etc. Erosion is formed by gradual weathering.

Processed quartz sand has high purity and less impurities. It is a siliceous raw material obtained by processing quartzite or sandstone ore, but processing is difficult. The raw materials can be made into various glass products after being melted into a liquid state at high temperature, cooled to form, mixed with fire, and cut. Quartz glass has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, high temperature resistance, good chemical resistance, ultraviolet and infrared rays pass through.

In 1877, the German geographer Richthofen first proposed the concept of the "Silk Road" in his book "China - the results of personal travels and research based on it." The exchange between East and West is bilateral and the most representative goods on this business route are silk, tea art and porcelain from China. From the west came glass (glass), gems and furs.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, China had close contacts with foreign countries through the Silk Road, and the Sui and Tang Dynasties were the heyday of exchanges between China and Persia. According to the records, this is due to the import of glass. The Western Jin Dynasty poet Pang Ni said in "Ode to the Glass Bowl": "Looking at the treasures of Fangong, the uniqueness of Weizi bowls, the danger of quicksand, the danger of crossing Congling It is so dangerous, its origin is far away", which records the importation of glass bowls to my country through the Silk Road.

Soda-lime glass is the earliest man-made glass. The glass forming process can be roughly divided into the rod method, the casting method, the molding method and the blowing method. Soda-lime glass is divided into gray vegetable glass and soda-lime glass according to different fluxes. Lead glass is divided into two types: lead-barium and high-lead. Before the Han Dynasty, the glass produced in my country was mainly lead and barium, and the glass solution was poured into a wax mold to cool and shape.

The blowing method is the most widely used glass manufacturing process. The blowing method is divided into three types: the free blowing method without a mold, the blowing method with a mold, and the combined welding method. The tube is blown into the molten glass mass, brought to expansion, and when it reaches a certain size, it is fixed with another metal rod, and the blown end is cut off.

The mold blowing method is based on adding a mold made in advance by the lost wax method, and a mass of molten glass is placed in the mold and then blown. The combined welding method consists in welding and joining shaped or shapeless glass. The blowing process made glass production faster, easier and cheaper. Glass products have become indispensable consumables.

Glass bottles and jars thrown away in our daily lives, shards of broken window glass, scraps cut from original glass, production waste, etc. This is discarded glass. It can be recycled in the glass industry, which reduces the consumption of powder in raw materials, reduces production costs and reduces energy consumption. In the production of glass, the addition of 10% cullet can reduce heat consumption for glass melting by 2-3%, accelerate the formation of silicate and glass formation. Glass waste has a wide range of uses, and we do our best to realize the recycling and reuse of glass waste.

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