Glass is one of most versatile materials used in everyday life. It is used in everything from windows and bottles to electronic devices and art. But what many people may not know is that glass starts out as simple raw materials like sand, soda ash and limestone. Understanding these three fundamental elements of glassmaking can help people better appreciate products they use every day.

Sand is primary component of glass, making up more than 50 percent of its total weight. It is melted at high temperatures and mixed with other raw materials to create glass that most of us are familiar with. Sand is key to glassmaking because it provides main component of substance’s structure. Glass also contains several trace elements, including iron, magnesium, calcium and sodium. The type of sand used depends on type of glass being made; some sand is more suitable for flat glass while others are better suited for container glass.

Soda ash is another essential element in manufacturing of glass. It is a white powder made from sodium carbonate, which is derived from ash of burned plants. Soda ash helps to lower melting point of sand and other components, making it easier to create glass. It also helps to give glass its distinctive clarity.

Finally, limestone is a key ingredient that helps to make glass more durable. Limestone adds strength and stability to glass, increasing its heat and scratch resistance. Limestone is also used to increase opacity of glass, allowing it to obstruct light from entering a room.

These three raw materials—sand, soda ash and limestone—are essential to production of glass. Without them, it would be nearly impossible to create products that are all around us. From window panes to drinking glasses, each of these components helps to create items that are part of our everyday lives.