Spectacle frames are usually made from three types of materials: metal, plastic and natural!

1. Metal Material: There are three types of metal materials used for eyeglass frames: copper alloy, nickel alloy and precious metal. A certain hardness, softness, elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, light weight, gloss and good color, etc. are required. Therefore, the metal materials used to make eyeglass frames are almost all alloys or are used after metal surface treatment.

1. Pure titanium: the composition of titanium is more than 99%, the density is 4.5, and the strength is twice that of steel. It is used to make space shuttle hulls, etc. and is called "space metal".

Advantages: high hardness, good flexibility, long-term use without deformation, light weight and no fading. Titanium is 48% lighter than ordinary metal frames, and has high strength, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, high stability, high strength, good elasticity, etc. It is ergonomic, pure titanium is non-toxic and not easy to use. cause metal allergy.No radiation. Ionic coating (IP), high coating adhesion and high strength.

Disadvantages: The price of materials is high, processing is difficult, the price is relatively high.

Symbol identification: Titanium, Titan-P, Ti-p, Pure Titanium means that, with the exception of the nose pads, hinges and screws, all other parts are made of pure titanium. Titan-C, Ti-c means that apart from the nose pads, hinges and screws, the rest of the parts are made of titanium

2. β (β-titanium) titanium: refers to a special alloy formed by mixing pure titanium (comprising 70%) and rare metals such as cobalt and chromium (comprising 30%), usually including titanium, aluminum, titanium vanadium and titanium zirconium and etc.

Advantages: Titanium B has better strength, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance than pure titanium and other titanium alloys. It has good mold ductility and can be made into thin wire plate, which is lighter. Very durable, most suitable for the manufacture of the bridge of the nose and temples, as it does not contain nickel, does not cause allergies to nickel.

Cons: Not suitable for tall people (the front of the frame is too heavy and sags easily, and the lens is too thick to affect the look) and cannot be adjusted. The price of materials is high, processing is difficult, and the price is relatively high.

Symbol identification: β-titanium

3. Aluminum-magnesium alloy

Advantages: light weight, good corrosion resistance, low strength, low melting point, poor weldability, high wear resistance.

Disadvantages: weak strength, the need to use a very thick aluminum-magnesium sheet forFor high pressure forming, which also limits the modeling ability of this material, i.e. it is suitable for forming hard and rough models. For the same reason, the frame is too rigid to adjust, and only a slingshot can be used for the width of the face. The frame is thicker (it's easy to break if it's too thin).

4. Stainless steel (nickel-chromium alloy): 70% iron, 18% chromium, 8% nickel and 4% other elements.

Advantages: good elasticity, resistance to deformation, low weight. Durable after electroplating surface treatment.

Cons: Can't be customized. The lens with a high degree is thicker, which affects the appearance. The frame with a painted surface easily peels off the paint, has high strength, and is difficult to weld.

5. Alloy Material

Advantages: white copper (mainly copper, mainly with nickel, zinc, etc.) manganese nickel (mainly manganese, mainly with nickel, etc.) high nickel content (mainly nickel, with added chromium, manganese, etc.) Nickel-based, added copper, etc.) and other alloyed materials have slight differences in physical and chemical properties such as strength and corrosion resistance. Prices for materials are lower (especially for cupronickel). Low processing complexity.

Disadvantages: poor coating adhesion, easily corroded and rusted. Some people are allergic to metals. Easily deformed by extrusion and heavy.

6. Precious Metals: Precious metals include: K gold, platinum, platinum and the platinum group, filled with gold (Golden Filled);

Pure gold: it is yellow in color and has a density of 19.3. It is one of the heaviest metals that does not corrode and oxidize in the atmosphere.

Gold is softer than silver and has good ductility, so pure gold is rarely used to make settings, and alloys such as gold, silver and copper are mainly used. The gold content of the alloy is usually indicated by the letter "K", 24K is 100% pure gold, and the frame material is mainly made of 12K, 14K, 18K gold alloy.

Platinum: This is a type of gold alloy. The material of the case is mainly 14K platinum, which is composed of 58.3% pure gold, 17% nickel, 5% zinc and 16% copper.

Platinum and platinum group. Pure platinum is a white metal, heavy and expensive. Its purity is usually 95%. It is as soft as gold and silver. Typically used in alloys with other platinum elements. Platinum elements include: Platinum, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, etc. are collectively referred to as the platinum group. The frame is made of platinum-iridium alloy, which has a high density, and rhodium and palladium are mainly used as materials for coating metal frames.

Golden Filled: Also known as rolled gold, this is a layer of K gold on the base metal, giving it the character of gold. end frames for mirrors, frames with gold filling. As the main materials, alloys of white copper, brass, nickel and gold, etc. are commonly used. Commonly used gold-plated frames mainly include 18K, 14K, 12K and 10K.

Gold plating (gold plating): mainly coating a layer of extremely thin metal film on the outside of common alloys, generally 0.5-3.5 microns thick, to increase its brilliance, not easy fading, wear. -Resistant and durable.Corrosion and other features. There is a GP sign.

Advantages: The frame is made of gold, depending on the purity of gold, the cost of the frame is different, and is mainly used in high-end frames.

Symbol identification: gold plated: EUif the ratio of gold content is above 1/20, it is represented by GF, if it is below 1/20, it is represented by RGP. K of gold: unit K.

2. Plastic material: The non-metal materials commonly used to make eyeglass frames mainly use synthetic resin as raw material, which is divided into two categories: thermoplastic resin and thermoset resin.

1. Plate

Advantages: Made by cold working, thin, good quality and durable. Most of the non-metal frameworks are carbon crystal frameworks treated with plate materials, which are of high strength and hardness.

Disadvantages: The material is brittle and easily broken after impacts and collisions in winter. Baking and processing it is not easy, the temperature should be 115-130 degrees Celsius, if it is too high, it will foam. Easily deformed if taken off and put on for a long time with one hand.

2, 90 rubles

Advantages: polymer material with memory. At present, it is the most popular frame material in the world. It has the characteristics of light weight, super strength, high temperature resistance, safety, no release of chemical residue, and meets European food grade material requirements.

Cons: none.

: none.

Character identification: TR, TR90.

3. ULTEM

Advantages: light weight, excellent flexibility: memory function, strong recovery after rotation and bending, materials for aerospace industry, materials for medical devices, the material is stable and does not deform at temperatures from minus 30 to 230 ℃.

Disadvantages: high mechanical strength, can become brittle at low temperatures.

Symbol ID: ULTEM.

4. Epoxy

Advantages: light weight, better coloring, not easy to bend and deform

Disadvantages: small range of stretching and shrinkage after molding, high requirements for lens size.

5. PC

Advantages: Lightweight, fragile, used in cheap frames.

Disadvantages: Not resistant to high temperatures.

6. Nylon

Advantages: lightweight, durable, does not break.

Disadvantages: Not resistant to high temperatures.

3. Natural materials

1. Bamboo and wood

Benefits: environmental protection, individuality.

Disadvantages: little comfort, breaks easily.

2. Horns

Benefits: Textured, elegant and luxurious color.

Disadvantages: easily broken, easily deformed, not environmentally friendly.

3. Hawksbill Shell: The hawksbill shell is a marine animal similar to sea turtles. It is mainly produced in the Bahamas and the West Indies. The material is taken from the shell of sea turtles. Turtle shell is said to have the function of auspiciousness and evil, so it is very valuable for collecting. In general, the age of the tortoise shell, from which the frame can be made, is “legendary” more than a hundred years old. Now the hawk turtle is listed as a protected animal in the country, so it is rarely used. The quality of tortoiseshell glasses depends on the color. There are about eight types of glasses: amber, golden yellow, subyellow, dark grey, medium spots, medium reds, deep spots and dark clouds

Benefits: Intense color, light weight, durability, easy processing, thermoplastic polishable, non-irritating to the skin, and of conservation value.

Disadvantages: breaks easily (but can be glued together after tearing), relatively thick, requires high technology in processing, troublesome production, is done by hand. The hawksbill turtle is an animal that is forbidden to be caught in the ocean, and its prey is small and expensive.

Maintenance: when displaying, it must be placed in water to prevent drying, and when processed, it must be heated and soaked. When adjusting, adjust quickly and slowly to fold small creases. Do not use ultrasonic cleaning during care, otherwise it will turn white and lose shine.

4. Mixed materials: This means that the main parts of the frame are made of metal materials, resin materials and natural materials. There are many types of mixtures, mainly to emphasize beauty and make up for imperfections.